大年夜大都的web开辟者城市碰着设计用户账号系统的需求。账号系统最首要的一个方面就是若何呵护用户的暗码。一些大公司的用户数据库泄漏事务也时有产生，所以我们必需采纳一些办法来呵护用户的暗码，即便网站被攻破的环境下也不会造成较大年夜的风险。
java PBKDF2 暗码hash代码
代码下载
/*
* Password Hashing With PBKDF2 (http://crackstation.net/hashing-security.htm).
* Copyright (c) 2013, Taylor Hornby
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
*
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
* and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
* AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
* LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
* CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
* SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
* INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
* CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
* ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
* POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import javax.crypto.spec.PBEKeySpec;
import javax.crypto.SecretKeyFactory;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
/*
* PBKDF2 salted password hashing.
* Author: havoc AT defuse.ca
* www: http://crackstation.net/hashing-security.htm
*/
public class PasswordHash
{
public static final String PBKDF2_ALGORITHM = "PBKDF2WithHmacSHA1";
// The following constants may be changed without breaking existing hashes.
public static final int SALT_BYTE_SIZE = 24;
public static final int HASH_BYTE_SIZE = 24;
public static final int PBKDF2_ITERATIONS = 1000;
public static final int ITERATION_INDEX = 0;
public static final int SALT_INDEX = 1;
public static final int PBKDF2_INDEX = 2;
/**
* Returns a salted PBKDF2 hash of the password.
*
* @param password the password to hash
* @return a salted PBKDF2 hash of the password
*/
public static String createHash(String password)
throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException
{
return createHash(password.toCharArray());
}
/**
* Returns a salted PBKDF2 hash of the password.
*
* @param password the password to hash
* @return a salted PBKDF2 hash of the password
*/
public static String createHash(char[] password)
throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException
{
// Generate a random salt
SecureRandom random = new SecureRandom();
byte[] salt = new byte[SALT_BYTE_SIZE];
random.nextBytes(salt);
// Hash the password
byte[] hash = pbkdf2(password, salt, PBKDF2_ITERATIONS, HASH_BYTE_SIZE);
// format iterations:salt:hash
return PBKDF2_ITERATIONS + ":" + toHex(salt) + ":" + toHex(hash);
}
/**
* Validates a password using a hash.
*
* @param password the password to check
* @param correctHash the hash of the valid password
* @return true if the password is correct, false if not
*/
public static boolean validatePassword(String password, String correctHash)
throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException
{
return validatePassword(password.toCharArray(), correctHash);
}
/**
* Validates a password using a hash.
*
* @param password the password to check
* @param correctHash the hash of the valid password
* @return true if the password is correct, false if not
*/
public static boolean validatePassword(char[] password, String correctHash)
throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException
{
// Decode the hash into its parameters
String[] params = correctHash.split(":");
int iterations = Integer.parseInt(params[ITERATION_INDEX]);
byte[] salt = fromHex(params[SALT_INDEX]);
byte[] hash = fromHex(params[PBKDF2_INDEX]);
// Compute the hash of the provided password, using the same salt,
// iteration count, and hash length
byte[] testHash = pbkdf2(password, salt, iterations, hash.length);
// Compare the hashes in constant time. The password is correct if
// both hashes match.
return slowEquals(hash, testHash);
}
/**
* Compares two byte arrays in length-constant time. This comparison method
* is used so that password hashes cannot be extracted from an on-line
* system using a timing attack and then attacked off-line.
*
* @param a the first byte array
* @param b the second byte array
* @return true if both byte arrays are the same, false if not
*/
private static boolean slowEquals(byte[] a, byte[] b)
{
int diff = a.length ^ b.length;
for(int i = 0; i < a.length && i < b.length; i++)
diff |= a[i] ^ b[i];
return diff == 0;
}
/**
* Computes the PBKDF2 hash of a password.
*
* @param password the password to hash.
* @param salt the salt
* @param iterations the iteration count (slowness factor)
* @param bytes the length of the hash to compute in bytes
* @return the PBDKF2 hash of the password
*/
private static byte[] pbkdf2(char[] password, byte[] salt, int iterations, int bytes)
throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException
{
PBEKeySpec spec = new PBEKeySpec(password, salt, iterations, bytes * 8);
SecretKeyFactory skf = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance(PBKDF2_ALGORITHM);
return skf.generateSecret(spec).getEncoded();
}
/**
* Converts a string of hexadecimal characters into a byte array.
*
* @param hex the hex string
* @return the hex string decoded into a byte array
*/
private static byte[] fromHex(String hex)
{
byte[] binary = new byte[hex.length() / 2];
for(int i = 0; i < binary.length; i++)
{
binary[i] = (byte)Integer.parseInt(hex.substring(2*i, 2*i+2), 16);
}
return binary;
}
/**
* Converts a byte array into a hexadecimal string.
*
* @param array the byte array to convert
* @return a length*2 character string encoding the byte array
*/
private static String toHex(byte[] array)
{
BigInteger bi = new BigInteger(1, array);
String hex = bi.toString(16);
int paddingLength = (array.length * 2) - hex.length();
if(paddingLength > 0)
return String.format("%0" + paddingLength + "d", 0) + hex;
else
return hex;
}
/**
* Tests the basic functionality of the PasswordHash class
*
* @param args ignored
*/
public static void main(String[] args)
{
try
{
// Print out 10 hashes
for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
System.out.println(PasswordHash.createHash("p\r\nassw0Rd!"));
// Test password validation
boolean failure = false;
System.out.println("Running tests...");
for(int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
{
String password = ""+i;
String hash = createHash(password);
String secondHash = createHash(password);
if(hash.equals(secondHash)) {
System.out.println("FAILURE: TWO HASHES ARE EQUAL!");
failure = true;
}
String wrongPassword = ""+(i+1);
if(validatePassword(wrongPassword, hash)) {
System.out.println("FAILURE: WRONG PASSWORD ACCEPTED!");
failure = true;
}
if(!validatePassword(password, hash)) {
System.out.println("FAILURE: GOOD PASSWORD NOT ACCEPTED!");
failure = true;
}
}
if(failure)
System.out.println("TESTS FAILED!");
else
System.out.println("TESTS PASSED!");
大年夜大都的web开辟者城市碰着设计用户账号系统的需求。账号系统最首要的一个方面就是若何呵护用户的暗码。一些大公司的用户数据库泄漏事务也时有产生，所以我们必需采纳一些办法来呵护用户的暗码，即便网站被攻破的环境下也不会造成较大年夜的风险。
Ruby (on Rails) 暗码hash代码
代码下载
# Password Hashing With PBKDF2 (http://crackstation.net/hashing-security.htm).
# Copyright (c) 2013, Taylor Hornby
# All rights reserved.
#
# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
#
# 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
# this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
#
# 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
# this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
# and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
#
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
# AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
# IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
# ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
# LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
# CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
# SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
# INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
# CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
# ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
# POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
require 'securerandom'
require 'openssl'
require 'base64'
# Salted password hashing with PBKDF2-SHA1.
# Authors: @RedragonX (dicesoft.net), havoc AT defuse.ca
# www: http://crackstation.net/hashing-security.htm
module PasswordHash
# The following constants can be changed without breaking existing hashes.
PBKDF2_ITERATIONS = 1000
SALT_BYTE_SIZE = 24
HASH_BYTE_SIZE = 24
HASH_SECTIONS = 4
SECTION_DELIMITER = ':'
ITERATIONS_INDEX = 1
SALT_INDEX = 2
HASH_INDEX = 3
# Returns a salted PBKDF2 hash of the password.
def self.createHash( password )
salt = SecureRandom.base64( SALT_BYTE_SIZE )
pbkdf2 = OpenSSL::PKCS5::pbkdf2_hmac_sha1(
password,
salt,
PBKDF2_ITERATIONS,
HASH_BYTE_SIZE
)
return ["sha1", PBKDF2_ITERATIONS, salt, Base64.encode64( pbkdf2 )].join( SECTION_DELIMITER )
end
# Checks if a password is correct given a hash of the correct one.
# correctHash must be a hash string generated with createHash.
def self.validatePassword( password, correctHash )
params = correctHash.split( SECTION_DELIMITER )
return false if params.length != HASH_SECTIONS
pbkdf2 = Base64.decode64( params[HASH_INDEX] )
testHash = OpenSSL::PKCS5::pbkdf2_hmac_sha1(
password,
params[SALT_INDEX],
params[ITERATIONS_INDEX].to_i,
pbkdf2.length
)
return pbkdf2 == testHash
end
# Run tests to ensure the module is functioning properly.
# Returns true if all tests succeed, false if not.
def self.runSelfTests
puts "Sample hashes:"
3.times { puts createHash("password") }
puts "\nRunning self tests..."
@@allPass = true
correctPassword = 'aaaaaaaaaa'
wrongPassword = 'aaaaaaaaab'
hash = createHash(correctPassword)
assert( validatePassword( correctPassword, hash ) == true, "correct password" )
assert( validatePassword( wrongPassword, hash ) == false, "wrong password" )
h1 = hash.split( SECTION_DELIMITER )
h2 = createHash( correctPassword ).split( SECTION_DELIMITER )
assert( h1[HASH_INDEX] != h2[HASH_INDEX], "different hashes" )
assert( h1[SALT_INDEX] != h2[SALT_INDEX], "different salt" )
if @@allPass
puts "*** ALL TESTS PASS ***"
else
puts "*** FAILURES ***"
end
return @@allPass
end
def self.assert( truth, msg )